名詞就是各種人事物的名稱
 
分成很多種類 
包含可數名詞不可數名詞集合名詞抽象名詞專有名詞等等
在這裡我先說明基本的可數名詞及不可數名詞的變化及用法


可數名詞
Countable Noun [C]
〈字典裡面標示[C]的就是可數名詞〉

指的是有分單數複數的名詞

that cat --- those cats
the
umbrella --- the umbrellas
this pen --- these
pens
a pig --- three pigs

an
apple -- four apples

名詞有單複數之別
單數一般前面會加aan
an
用於母音(a,e,i,o,u)開頭的字(取決於音
)
複數的型態變化如下:


一般直接字尾加s 
egg -- eggs
hamburger -- hamburgers

o,x,s,ch,sh
結尾的字加es

box -- boxes
peach -- peaches
tomato -- tomatoes
bus -- buses

子音+y結尾的字去y加ies
strawberry -- strawberries
pottery -- potteries

單數名詞要搭配單數動詞使用

example: This is an umbrella.
                 Every student here is cute. 

複數名詞要搭配複數動詞使用
example: Those girls are my classmates.
                 There are a few birds in the tree. 


可用在可數單數名詞前的字包含
a, an, this, that, every, each, either, neither 
example: An apple a day keeps the doctors away. 
                 The green bottle is mine. 

可以用在可數複數名詞前的字包含some, few, a few, a lot of, many, these, those, enough, any 
example: There are some strawberries in the fridge. 
                 Many students are running to school.
                 Are there any potatoes?




不可數名詞
Uncountable Noun [U]
〈字典裡面標示[U]的就是不可數名詞〉

顧名思義就是無法計數的物質名詞 
像是頭髮(hair)、空氣(air)、糖(sugar)、交通(traffic)、及其他氣體等

一些會隨著裝填的容器改變形狀的

像是冰淇淋(ice cream)、牛奶(milk)、起司(cheese)、和其他液體或會隨著溫度改變型態的物質

還有活動像是跳舞(dancing)、划船(boating)、吸煙(smoking)

另外像是學科、語言等

都屬於不可數名詞

不可數名詞需要配合單數動詞一起使用
example: She has little hair.
                 There isn’t much rain.

 可用在不可數名詞前的字包含much, little, a little, a lot of, some, enough, this, that, any 
example: Dancing is my favorite activity.
                  Spanish is hard for me.
                  Do you have any juice?

 另外,我們可以用量詞來表示不可數名詞之數量:
a piece of (cake)
一塊(蛋糕)
a cup of (coffee) 一杯(咖啡)
a slice of (pizza) 一片(披薩)
a can of (coke) 一罐(可樂)
a chunk of (bread) 一大塊(麵包)
a scoop of (ice cream) 一球(冰淇淋)
an ear of (corn) 一根(玉米)
a bowl of (rice) 一碗()
a bottle of (water) 一瓶()
a glass of (juice) 一杯(果汁)
a packet of (sugar) 一包()


不可數名詞前的量詞是可以數的
example: I want two slices of pizza.
                 She needs two packets of salt.

 

名詞種類繁多並且用法時有不同

其他類別將會在之後的課程中提及

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